Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO) Surgery 

In addition to CCL disease, dogs with steep tibial slopes are also often great candidates for TPLO. A full assessment of the dog's history, condition, and health is helpful for the surgeon to decide whether TPLO is the best option.

But what does the TPLO procedure actually look like? 

The surgery itself starts with an incision to the inner area of the patient's knee. Then, the CCL is examined, arthritis is assessed, and potential meniscal injury is evaluated. If meniscal injury is found, the surgeon will then partially remove or "release" the meniscus. 

Then a curved incision is made to the patient's tibia. The tibial plateau is rotated and positioned to lessen the tibial slope. Ultimately, we want a flatter tibial slope. Finally, the bone is held in place by a screwed-in metal bone plate. After that, the TPLO is complete. 

After the TPLO surgery, post-operative care includes activity restriction, incision care, physical therapy, medications, and follow-up X-rays.

Your surgeon should guide you in any necessary post-op physical therapy. Consult with your veterinary surgeon for patient-specific physical therapy needs.

Pain medication is prescribed to all TPLO surgery patients. However, the need for pain medication varies from patient to patient. Your dog may only need a few doses until the pain subsides. On the other hand, some patients require pain medication throughout the entire recovery phase. 

Antibiotics may also be prescribed at this time. Discuss medication and antibiotic needs with your surgeon. 

Although we can never say 'never', TPLO surgery complications are rare. Under 5-10% of patients face complications - as long as post-operative care is executed as directed. Following post-operative instructions is imperative for your pet's healing.

Potential complications include infection, implant failure, meniscal injury, or problems with bone healing. As long as complications are discovered early on, they can almost always be addressed. This is why it is especially important to keep a close eye on your pet after their procedure. Be aware of any warning signs and check for them often. 

Signs of infection or inflammation at the incision site

Diarrhea or vomiting

Reluctance to put weight on recovering leg

Sensitivity to pain medications

Loss of appetite

Constipation

Missing staples or stitches

Contact Lisner Animal Hospital if you notice anything concerning surrounding your dog's healing process. The earlier you can catch a potential problem, the more likely it is that it can be resolved.